以下为句子列表：
英文: Abstract: Temperature field of hollow ingot solidification is simulated by FEM.To different mould,effect of heat transfer coefficient between inner sleeve and cooling medium and thickness of core refractory on final position of solidification,the highest
中文: 文摘:对空心钢锭凝固过程的温度场进行了有限元分析，对不同锭型结构的芯部换热系数、耐火材料厚度对最终凝固位置、内筒壁最高温度及缩孔疏松的影响进行了对比，并讨论了耐火材料典型部位的温度随凝固时间的变化。
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英文: Based on a lot of experimental data, the empirical correlations of single-phase heat transfer coefficient, condensation heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop factors are given.
中文: 根据大量实验数据，得到了计算对流换热系数、冷凝换热系数及阻力系数的经验关联式。
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英文: The effects of blow ratio and rows on film cooling effectiveness and heat transfer coefficient was studied.
中文: 研究了吹风比、孔排等因素对气膜冷却效果和换热系数的影响。
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英文: The heat transfer coefficient at the gas temperature ranging from 500℃ to 1248℃ between stave and furnace gas is determined by the combination of calculation model of temperature field and the temperature value of hot surface calculated from the temperatu
中文: 用试验测量冷却壁近热面温度来推算冷却壁热面温度，与冷却壁温度场计算模型结合，确定了炉气温度在500~1248℃范围内，高炉冷却壁与炉气之间的换热系数。
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英文: We first expand the nonlinear temperature-dependent convective and radiative heat transfer coefficient about the ambient temperature by Taylor-series method, and then the crystal temperature and the pull rate as well as the bulk melt temperature are deter
中文: 分析之过程为首先将随温度变化之对流系数及辐射系数做泰勒级数展闭，再以摄动理论之技巧，同时求解晶圆棒之温度、拉伸速度及溶解液之温度。
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