以下为句子列表：
英文: A competitive inhibitor is usually structurally similar to the substrate, e.g. malonate is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase.
中文: 与底物结构相似的物质能竞争性的与酶结合，从而使酶不能与底物结合而丧失其催化活性。
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英文: For instance, in the above case the methyl ethyl phenylmalonate may be accompanied by the products formed by ester-interchange reactions, namely the dimethyl and diethyl phenylmalonates.
中文: 比如在上面的例子中，甲基乙基苯基丙二酸酯伴随有酯交换反应形成的产品，也就是二甲基苯基丙二酸酯和二乙基苯基丙二酸酯。
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英文: It is also known that sodium ethylate and diethyl phenylmalonate interact together to give ethyl Phenylacetate and diethyl carbonate.
中文: 众所周知，乙醇纳和二乙基苯基丙二酸酯反应可以得到乙基乙酸苯酯和二乙基碳酸酯。
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英文: First we synthesized the -phenylethyl chloride from -phenylethyl alcohol. Then it was substituted by enolate anion of diethyl malonate and converted to ester.
中文: 在我们的合成方法中,先从-苯乙醇开始合成了-苯乙基氯,再用丙二酸二乙酯的烯醇盐离子进行亲核取代。
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