以下为句子列表：
英文: Because the managers of closed-end funds are perceived to be less responsive to profit opportunities than open-end fund managers, who must attract and retain shareholders, closed-end fund shares often sell at a discount from net asset value.
中文: 人们通常认为封闭式基金经理对利润的追逐动力不如开放式基金经理（因为开放式基金经理必须吸引和留住基金投资者），所以封闭式基金通常是按净资产值的一个折扣进行交易。
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英文: Closed-end funds in China are far outnumbered by open-end funds.
中文: 摘要近年来我国新设立的开放式基金远远多于封闭式基金。
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英文: The analysis on the relationship of the center frequency deviation and the microstrip open-end effect is given.
中文: 同时分析了导致这种偏移的原因，并阐述了该方法的理论基础。
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英文: This paper selects out of ten fund managing companies one closed-end and one open-end funds for comparison in terms of yield and risk-adjusted performance results and timing capability during the period from January 2004 to April 2005.
中文: 本文选取了10家基金管理公司，每家公司各选一只开放式基金和一只封闭式基金，从收益率、风险调整后的绩效和择时能力三个方面比较了2004年1月至2005年4月期间开放式基金与封闭式基金的绩效。
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英文: Unlike open-end mutual funds, closed end funds do not stand ready to issue and redeem shares on a continuous basis.
中文: 与开放式基金不同的是，封闭式基金不持续地创造和赎回基金单位。
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