以下为句子列表：
英文: A pervasive problem is the vulnerability of observational data to distortions and biases.
中文: 另外，观察法最常见的问题为资料容易被曲解及有偏差。
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英文: Abstract: The observational fields in planet boundary layer and the modelerror are modified here in variational assimilation.The gradients of the cost function with respect to control variables are calculated in the way of perturbation.
中文: 文摘:文中用变分方法修正边界层资料及模误差，目标函数相对于控制变量的梯度用扰动法计算，对利用小扰动求取梯度的方法进行了理论推导和试验分析。
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英文: Although the problems and difficulties of observational methods probably cannot be completely eliminated, they can be minimized through (1) clear conceptualization of the problems to be studied, (2) operationalization of key variables, (3) a logical proto
中文: 虽然观察法的问题及难处可能无法完全除去，但仍可以藉由清楚的研究问题与清楚的订出主要变数的操作性定义、具有逻辑性的观察流程、记录与资料判读，以及谨慎的观察者训练来将这些问题与困难减到最小。
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英文: An example shows that the given algorithm is able to eliminate the influence of correlated observational noises effectively upon Kalman filter result.
中文: 实例计算结果表明，采用该算法能够有效地消除测量噪声相关性对滤波结果的影响。
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英文: Applying self-organized theory of complex dynamics system, we have synthetically studied the observational results of present-day crustal movement from contemporary geodesy (GPS and earthquake crustal deformation) in recent 40 years.
中文: 摘要应用复杂动力学系统自组织理论，综合研究了近40年现代大地测量学（地震地形变及GPS）对现今地壳运动的观测结果。
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