以下为句子列表：
英文: Aimed at the parameter estimation and model reduction problems of non-linear systems in noisy environment, a class of particle swami optimization (PSO) approach with hypothesis test is proposed, named PSOHT, which estimates parameters by using PSO operato
中文: 摘要针对噪声环境下的非线性系统参数估计和模型降阶问题，提出了一种带假设检验的微粒群优化算法(PSOHT)，以最小化平均平方误差为目标，结合统计意义下的评价和比较，通过微粒群操作进行参数估计。
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英文: By using rank statistic and order statistic, we obtain the asymptotically strongly consistent estimator of it, the hypothesis test and interval estimation are also discussed.
中文: 利用秩统计量和次序统计量，获得了变点的一种估计，不仅论证了点估计的强相合性，而且讨论了假设检验和区间估计。
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英文: In this paper the principles of hypothesis test are probed into from the actual simple example, and such problems as the choice of null hypothesis, sample size, test power are also analyzed and discussed.
中文: 摘要从简单的实例入手探讨假设检验的基本思想和假设检验的基本步骤，并对建模中的原假设的选择、所需样本数据个数、检验功效的判断等问题作了分析研究。
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