以下为句子列表：
英文: Abstract: A new method of machining tube parts was put forward and local upsetting tube parts can be manufactured by this method.It is important to raise mechanical strength,improve the quality and reduce production costs.
中文: 文摘:提出一种新的加工薄壁管类件的方法，利用该方法可以加工局部变粗的各种形状的管类件，这对于提高工件的结构强度、材料的利用率和降低工件的重量及制造成本具有重要的意义。
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英文: Abstract: Based on the result of visioplasticity test,the law of tube central upsetting was created,and the calculated method of displacement field and strain field were obtained.In this study,the four deformation modes were showed when ratio λ of height
中文: 文摘:根据管坯视塑性实验法的实验结果，分析了无芯轴支撑条件下，管坯中部镦锻的变形规律，阐述了变形区位移场、应变场的计算方法；通过对实验结果的分析，得出了当镦粗比λ＞3，管坯中部镦锻时，内壁呈现四种典型的变形模式；论述了分流面的分布与四种变形模式之间的转化关系。
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英文: After description of slide line fields according to the different proportion of width/diameter, the stress function in flat plate upsetting has been determined, the changing rule of slide line fields been described, the process of column upsetting been si
中文: 摘要本文应用滑移线理论来求解平板镦粗模型，描述了在不同宽径比下的滑移线场，确立该模型单元的应力场表达式，描述其滑移线场的变化规律，最后运用ABAQUS软件对圆柱体镦粗进行数值模拟，将模拟值与理论值进行对比，对理论值进行验证。
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英文: Around the world, and especially in the United States, the dilemma of planning for the unknowable is upsetting the decisions of consumers, businesses and investors.
中文: 放眼世界，特别是在美国，消费者、商界以及投资者都面临着为莫测的未来做出艰难的选择。
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英文: Assessing how real a threat to America China's rise poses is said to have turned into a lively internal debate between a hawkish Pentagon and other government agencies, who are wary of upsetting relations with China.
中文: 评定中国地位的提升对美国造成的威胁有多真实，据说已经变成一场美国国内五角大楼的鹰派和其他对中国关系保持谨慎态度的政府人员的争辩。
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